What is an inverter? How does it work?
What is an inverter? How does it work? Which inverter should I buy? You will find answers to many such questions in this article of Inverter.
First of all, we understand the meaning of the inverter.
Here the inverter reverses the nature of electricity. That's why it is called an inverter.
There are two types of electricity.
1 – AC – Alternating Current
2 – DC – Direct Current
The power supply to our homes comes from substations. This electricity is AC i.e. Alternating Current. Its generation takes place in large power plants and through the distribution system is delivered to our house.
An electronic device that converts a DC power supply into an AC power supply is called an inverter.
Well in the inverter first converts AC to DC for battery charging. This is called a converter.
But talking about the whole unit, the device that reverses direct current into alternating current and the device that reverses alternating current to direct current is called an inverter.
This is an electronic device. It uses a rectifier and diode bridge. Along with this, electronic components like IGBT are also used. The output from the PWM system is obtained through a waveform.
The most important part of the inverter is the battery. We get DC supply from the battery. The power used in our homes is AC supply. The main function of the inverter is to convert the DC supply from the battery into AC. With this power, we can run our home appliances.
What is the need for an inverter?
Today our life has become dependent on electricity. That is, it has become dependent on electrical equipment. Everyone has a mobile in their homes today. There is a television in everyone's house. There is a fan for air. There is an air conditioner for cooling. Lights are for the light.
All the equipment is such that without electricity there is no work. We feel that our life cannot live without this electronic device.
Well, years ago, there was no electricity in our homes. Then people lived their life. But today technology has increased, so definitely it should be used.
The power supply comes from the electricity board in all of our homes. But sometimes this power supply fails. A fault causes a power outage. It is tied due to a power cut and sometimes due to maintenance work it is also tied up.
In order to supply electricity at the time of power failure, inverters are installed in our homes. This inverter capacity resides on our electrical load.
Which inverter should be installed in our house? | Which Inverter is Best for Home backup?
We have seen Sachin Tendulkar in inverter ads on television. He is working for Luminous Make Inverter. Luminous is the name of a company that manufactures inverters. Many such companies make inverters.
Which inverter should we get? Which inverter is suitable for our house?
First of all, we should calculate our electrical load. How many loads do we want the inverter to run?
Usually, we do not run all the appliances in the house together, so a load of all should not count.
We need an inverter for emergency use. After a power outage, calculate the load of the same number of devices that you want to operate.
For example
We need 3 fans, 3 lights, television, laptop and inverter for mobile charging in our house. So we can buy 800 VA or 1000 VA inverters.
Before selecting an inverter, we should check its efficiency. No device gives 100% output. Whose efficiency is good, such an inverter should be bought.
Generally, an inverter with 80 to 85% efficiency is considered good.
How to select a battery for an inverter?
The capacity of the battery is in Ampere hour.
The meaning of 100 Ah is that a load of 100 amperes will take up to one hour. The same battery will take the 10-ampere load for 10 hours.
The battery capacity is decided by how many hours of backup we need with our load.
There are two types of batteries used in an inverter.
Battery for Inverter
1 ) Flat Battery
It is cheap in price. Size remains small. It is also easy to maintain. It charges very quickly.
2) Tubular battery
It is more expensive than the flat battery in price. The size is a little bigger and the weight is also more. It gives output for a long time. Its life is also long.
Tubular batteries are better for inverters than flat batteries.
How does the inverter work? | Working of Inverter.
AC input supply is given to the inverter. Output also we get AC supply only.
The inverter battery is charged from the DC supply. This DC supply input is given by converting AC to DC from the rectifier unit of the inverter.
Battery backup is provided when the power fails. The output of the battery is 12 volts or 24 volts DC. This DC volt is converted into AC.
The converted supply step is given in the sub transformer. The output of the transformer is 240 V AC. Which can run our home appliances.
This whole process happens in auto relay it senses input power and inverter power and gives a command to back up the battery when the power fails. And when the input power is received, then the main supply is turned on. Simultaneously, battery charging also turns on.
How to operate the home inverter?
The inverter made of new technology is excellent in terms of both operation and safety.
1 ) We can operate on any inverter or ups mode. In UPS mode, if the power will come and go, then you will not even know that such a smooth operation takes place.
2) We can operate the inverter from our mobile through the application.
3 ) There is a safety alarm. If overloaded or a fault occurs, it will give an alarm which is good from the safety point of view.
4) By pass switch remains. If there is any fault in the inverter then we can by pass it.
The job of an inverter is to reverse the power. Converting from DC to AC. The function of power backup is of the battery. We will get back up till the power is stored in the battery.
Types of Inverter
We get the output of the inverter from DC to AC in the waveform. On the basis of this waveform, there is a classification of the type of pay inverter.
There are three main types of inverters.
A- Square Type Inverter
- The waveform in this inverter is square type, hence, it is called square type inverter.
- The square inverter is cheaper in price.
- The noise of this type of inverter is high.
- It is not good to run a heavy load.
- It takes time to turn on after a power outage.
- Its working capacity is very less.
B- Modify Sign Wave Inverter
A modified sine wave inverter is a mixture of two inverters. A modified sine wave is formed by mixing both a square wave and a pure sine wave. But this inverter was not so effective. That is why it is used very little.
C- Pure Sign Wave Inverter
This is the best output inverter. Its waveform is a pure sine wave.
- It is a bit expensive in price.
- It can run all the devices according to the capacity.
- The sound of the sine wave inverter is less as compared to others.
- In this type of inverter, power failure is not detected. Instant backup is available.
- The working capacity of the sine wave is good.
Solar Inverter
There is a difference between the solar power system and the solar inverter system. It is very important to understand this.
The supply of electricity board is connected in parallel with the solar power system. If the power of solar is low, then the power of the board is used. If the generation in solar is more then the electricity board gives us allowance.
A solar inverter increases the connection of the battery with the solar system. Solar panels are charged by sunlight. This energy also charges the battery and also fulfills the need for electricity in the house.
When there is no sunlight and our need is high, then the battery back up is used.
When there is no energy from the solar panel in the nighttime, then the reverse power does not go away, that's why a blocker is used in it. In this, the charge controller controls the charging supply of the battery.
It is necessary to install a change-over switch with electric power. Only one power can be received at any one time.
The solar power system and solar inverter system both are different. We should buy an inverter separately by buying a solar power system. There are many videos on youtube that you should buy a solar inverter. But I think he needs to think deeply about this matter.
There are many companies manufacturing inverters.
In this, the inverter quality of companies like V-Guard, Luminous, Vertiv, and Microteach is good. It also has different models. We should look at the efficiency based on our load capacity.
Different between inverter and ups
Inverter
- The inverter is used for home use.
- The inverter has more backup time.
- At the time of power failure, it takes a few seconds to transfer to the inverter.
- The voltage fluctuates with the load in the inverter.
- There is no protection in the inverter.
UPS
- UPS is used more in industries.
- UPS has less backup time.
- UPS (Uninterrupted Power Supply) is the power supply
- There are no voltage fluctuation UPS.
- UPS has protection like over, under-voltage, spike.
How To Maintain Inverter Battery? – Inverter Battery Maintenance
Inverter without battery is of no use. Because we get back up from the battery itself. Battery life is from 3 to 4 years. But it has to be maintained. And maintenance has to be done over time.
If we maintain the battery properly the efficiency will be good and life will also belong.
1 ) Keep the battery in such a place that can get air circulation.
2) The battery should be charged and discharged once a month.
3) The water level in the battery should be checked every month. Distilled water should be added if needed. It has a level indicator. Keep the level between Low and High.
4) The battery should be cleaned once a month.
5) The terminal tightness of the battery should be checked every three months.
6) Keep checking the leads of the battery, if there is overheat then replace.
7) Keeping in mind the safety, the battery place should be a little far away but there should be air circulation.
8) Gravity of a charged battery should be 1200 and the voltage should be 2.1. If the battery seems to be bad, get it checked.
I hope you understood about the article on inverter if you have any doubt message me on my social media accounts.
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